A transperineal biopsy of the prostate is a medical procedure in which tissue samples are taken from the prostate gland. This biopsy is performed through the perineum (the area between the scrotum and anus) and is guided by ultrasound imaging. The procedure helps diagnose prostate cancer and assess other abnormalities within the prostate.

Flexible cystoscopy is a very common and safe procedure. A flexible cystoscopy is a procedure which enables the doctor to examine the urethra and bladder using a narrow, flexible fibreoptic tube (cystoscope). The cystoscope lights up the interior surface of the urethra and bladder (and the prostate gland in men).